Jurisprudence 2024, November
Currently, it is possible to make transactions and exchange information using an electronic digital signature - EDS remotely. Law 149-FZ "On documenting information" certifies that EDS is today equated to a handwritten signature, is a legally formalized procedure and entails liability in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation
In accordance with international standards, everyone has the right to citizenship. Usually, the right to grant citizenship in states is vested in the highest authorities, Moldova is no exception. Instructions Step 1 Read the Law of the Republic of Moldova "
Scooters are vehicles with engine displacement up to fifty cubic centimeters. According to the Russian internal classification, they belong to mopeds, in order to drive which it is necessary to obtain a license of the category "M"
Legal positivism was especially popular in the 19th century in Western Europe and Russia. According to him, all law is a law-making function of the state, therefore, it justifies any attitudes, norms emanating from the power of the state. Legal positivism is a branch in the philosophy of law
A correctly executed statement of claim, taking into account all the requirements of the law, guarantees half of the success in the contested case. You can draw up a document yourself or ask for help from specialists. Instructions Step 1 Take a sheet of A4 paper
The full functioning of local authorities for the benefit of the population of the municipality is impossible without the accompanying municipal property, because it is it that is the fundamental basis for the economic development of the municipality
The authorized capital is understood as the amount of funds initially contributed by the owners of the organization in order to ensure its statutory activities. The authorized capital can be contributed both in cash and in the form of property or securities, which will be accounted for in cash
Subjects and objects of civil law turnover are so diverse that it is not possible to combine them into a single list. Civil legislation is constantly being improved in order to more detailed regulation of legal relations formalized by an agreement
TIN is an individual taxpayer number, which consists of 12 digits. It is assigned to each taxpayer and is an individual identifier of an individual or legal entity. To whom the TIN will be assigned TIN is assigned to each individual or legal entity, as well as an individual entrepreneur, once in a lifetime
It is not so easy to obtain German citizenship today. After all, it is not enough to live on its territory for 8 years, speak German, have a stable income and not be convicted, you still need to be tested for knowledge of culture, history and the system of politics
The pension reform, which was finally adopted in Russia on October 3, increased the retirement age by 5 years. However, the right to early retirement remains with citizens (adjusted for the increased age). In addition, along with this reform, new opportunities for early retirement based on insurance experience will be adopted
There are many multidisciplinary expert organizations, both state and non-state forms of ownership. All of them promptly conduct research when they are contacted by organizations, individuals, officials and authorities. The expert opinions as evidence in writing are attached to the case and have legal force
An increase in the amount of claims is the right of the plaintiff, his representative in civil or arbitration proceedings. Such an increase is made through the application of a corresponding petition, which is made out in writing. One of the procedural rights that the plaintiff is endowed with in civil and arbitration proceedings is the right to increase the amount of claims
Coming up with a great invention and making money from it are two very different things. The inventor thinks about how to make life easier and more interesting by creating new products or new versions of old ones. The salesperson, on the other hand, thinks about how to get customers interested in a new product
An insurance pension certificate is included in the package of documents required for the official employment of citizens. Sooner or later, everyone has to receive it. Faced with the need to get a retirement card, many do not know how to do it
The State Labor Inspectorate is a body that exercises state supervision over the implementation of labor legislation. Thus, citizens whose rights are infringed upon by the employer have the right to file a complaint with the labor dispute commission, or immediately with the State Labor Inspectorate
The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation verifies the constitutionality of the law, which was applied in a specific case already considered by other judicial authorities, and can also help in cases where the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens or associations are violated
The main legal norms serving as the basis for all Russian legislation are spelled out in the Constitution. This document has the status of the Basic Law and is applied directly throughout the country. The Constitution of the Russian Federation is a document containing all the basic legal norms, in the development of which federal constitutional laws, federal laws, and by-laws are adopted
The social card is a tool through which people receive social assistance funds. It is multifunctional and makes it easy to get benefits and subsidies. The social card contains three groups of applications. Identification data includes its series and number, as well as the code of the municipal organization to which it was issued
Everyone who is involved in charity has the right to a social tax deduction; pays tuition fees; bears the costs of medical treatment or retirement benefits. To obtain the right to deduction, you must contact the tax authority at your place of residence, attaching a set of documents to the completed declaration in the form of 3-NDFL
With a different structure of the economic system, states have different opportunities to influence the financial sphere. In the presence of a planned economy, the state fully controls production volumes and prices. The market economy, on the contrary, is characterized by the freedom of relations between the subjects of the financial world
The executive branch is an independent and independent branch of government along with the judicial and legislative branches. She is in charge of the practical implementation of laws that have been passed by the legislature. Instructions Step 1 The key function of the executive branch is the management of public affairs based on laws
A bad purchase naturally creates a lot of problems, but none of us is immune from such a case. And often, when purchasing something from small household appliances, especially considering where all this is now produced in myriad quantities, we are faced with an outright marriage or flaws
Administrative cases and offenses are one of the branches of judicial practice, within the framework of which claims against citizens, government officials and employees are considered. Within the framework of the administrative procedural category, as in the criminal one, cases are initiated, court decisions are made that can be appealed
International law, as a separate law, distinct from public international law, split off in the second half of the 20th century. This was due to practical necessity. The fact is that from that moment on, interpersonal relations in society in which there was a foreign element began to manifest most often
One of the forms of punishment for violation of traffic rules is deprivation of a driver's license for a certain period. At the same time, car owners who have fallen under the influence of such a law, naturally, seek to regain their rights as quickly as possible
By purchasing any product or ordering the necessary service, a person expects that everything will be done efficiently, in good faith and on time. But this is not always the case. To achieve justice, you need to be able to defend your rights
Tax return - a document reflecting the income of an individual. Submitted to the tax authority at the end of the calendar year, but no later than April 30 of the following year. Drawn up according to special rules approved by the Federal Tax Service
If there is a dispute, then the document that you bring to court should be called a statement of claim. The requirements for the preparation of this document are set out in the procedural legislation, namely in the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation
Young parents often ask about child benefits. As a rule, mothers are entitled to help from the state, however, in some cases, other relatives may also be entitled to benefits. Family is one of the most important goals and values in human life, the appearance of children always brings only happiness and a huge amount of positive emotions
In some civil cases, there is no legal dispute between the parties, but it is necessary to obtain a court decision in order to inherit, receive a pension or correct documents. For such cases, the civil procedural legislation provides for a special procedure for considering certain categories of civil cases
The sphere of housing and communal services has been and remains one of the most problematic and causing a lot of controversy. Although, if desired, almost all the answers to the main questions on the topic of housing concerning its provision, rental, maintenance, methods of managing apartment buildings can be found in a special set of documents - the Housing Code of the Russian Federation
The privatization of housing gives the owner not only rights, but also obligations. These obligations include the payment of property tax for individuals. It depends on many factors and tends to increase. However, there are opportunities to save on taxes
It is possible to write someone out of the dwelling only in a judicial proceeding. Cases of this category are quite complicated and it will be rather difficult to solve them without the participation of a lawyer. Instructions Step 1 File a complaint with the municipality if the apartment from which you want to discharge the alcoholic is not privatized
Divorce and division of property rarely go without conflict. Particularly heated debates are usually caused by living space. It happens that the former spouse resignedly leaves the common apartment once and moves to relatives or to a rented apartment
Very often companies are faced with the need to change the size of the authorized capital. The law provides for this possibility. It is important that in the event of a decrease in the authorized capital, its value does not exceed the level of the statutory minimum of 10,000 rubles
Actions of representatives of the authorities are not always lawful. Very often this can be seen when arresting traffic offenders who, in fact, did not violate anything. Therefore, even if your rights have been revoked, you always have the opportunity to prove your innocence in court
Natural law is fundamentally different from other branches of law. It is called a "hybrid" of philosophy and law and therefore is sometimes confused with the philosophy of law. However, this science deals with something else - it studies the meaning of the law itself, the necessity of its presence and the laws of existence
A statement of claim for the recovery of damages by way of recourse is drawn up in accordance with the general rules established by the civil procedural legislation. Certain features are available only when setting out the factual circumstances of the case and the legal justification of the claims
An administrative offense (AP) is one of the common misconduct that is commonly attributed to the activities of government bodies. Like any other type of offense, AP implies the presence of wrongfulness, guilt and punishment. Necessary - The Code of Administrative Violations of the Russian Federation