You can understand the numerous codes by studying the entire system of domestic legislation and the place of codified acts in this system, as well as their internal structure. Most of the codes are built on the same principle, which greatly simplifies their study.
Students of legal specialties, as well as ordinary citizens, find it difficult to understand the system of codes that govern the vast majority of legal relations in the country. It should be borne in mind that in the system of domestic legislation, codes are equated to ordinary federal laws.
This means that the provisions of any codified act must fully comply with constitutional norms, articles of federal constitutional laws. From a legislative point of view, the creation of a new code makes sense in the case when in a certain area of legal relations such an array of normative material accumulates, which becomes difficult to study, master without systematization.
Division of codes by spheres of legal relations
Hierarchically, the codes are equal among themselves, which is quite fair, given the focus of each of them on the regulation of a specific sphere of legal relations. So, the Tax Code of the Russian Federation regulates relations related to the calculation, payment of taxes, fees, and the Criminal Code determines the grounds, conditions for criminal liability, specific elements of crimes for which this liability occurs.
In some cases, the provisions of different codes overlap, complement each other, which creates the need for a formulation of their articles that excludes any contradictions. Thus, the Family Code, the Land Code are strongly linked to civil legislation, which establishes some of the grounds for the relevant legal relationship.
How to understand the structure of the codes?
In any code, general and specific provisions should be highlighted. Sometimes the structural parts of a codified act are directly called general and special parts, which simplifies orientation in its norms. The general part usually establishes the main provisions of a specific legal area, which are of decisive importance for the rest of the regulatory material. In a special part, specific provisions are set out that apply in various legal situations.
So, the general part of the domestic Criminal Code defines the basic concepts, allows you to understand the grounds, conditions of criminal liability, the principles of forming the corpus delicti of any crime, and sentencing. The special part of this act contains descriptions of crimes in various spheres of public life, gives options for punishment for their commission.
