Unemployment is a natural phenomenon that is observed in every state. The number of unemployed people includes both young graduates and those who have recently been fired and have not yet managed to find a new position for themselves. It is important to understand that unemployment has a bad effect on both macroeconomics and the psychological state of the population. Knowing its causes, you can try to prevent its development.
The most popular reasons for unemployment
Employers often seek to reduce their costs, and therefore try to hire cheap labor whenever possible - of course, provided that employees are able to cope with the tasks assigned. This gives rise to two popular causes of unemployment at once.
Firstly, people who do not want to agree to low wages are sometimes forced to look for a suitable vacancy for a long time. The more such unemployed, the higher the "competition" for each position and the lower the chances of candidates to get it. Quite often people spend several months or even years looking for a suitable place. Secondly, if the employer has the opportunity to replace a person with a cheaper machine that will perform procedures no worse than an ordinary employee, he will certainly do it. As a result, some vacancies disappear altogether, and the unemployment rate will rise. This problem is especially relevant in production: many factories are switching to automatic systems and, instead of a large team, they hire a minimum number of workers, which will be enough to monitor the functioning of the machines and repair them if necessary.
Another common cause of unemployment in many countries is that a certain percentage of the population simply cannot offer their services to employers. We are talking mainly about declassed elements, people with a bad reputation, including those with previous convictions, and, alas, people with disabilities. The list also includes people of unclaimed or, on the contrary, very popular professions. The former cannot find a suitable position, and the latter cannot find a job in the presence of a huge number of competitors who have chosen the same prestigious specialty.
Additional causes of unemployment
The demand for goods and services changes very quickly, and this also affects the unemployment rate. Often, representatives of professions popular 5-10 years ago turn out to be unclaimed, while new vacancies and special positions come into fashion.
Another problem is that employers cannot always find employees with the required qualifications. This is due to the fact that people simply do not have time to undergo training and "rebuild" to meet new requirements. The result is an unpleasant situation: there are many vacancies, but unemployment is still growing.
Don't forget about seasonal unemployment. It is connected with the fact that some vacancies are relevant only at certain times of the year.
