Issues related to the operating modes of the enterprise are regulated by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. The main, most frequently operating mode of work is a normalized working day, which lasts 9 hours, taking into account an hour's lunch break. But in some cases, in order to optimize the operation of the enterprise, other modes are also used.
Enterprise operating modes
Chapter 17 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation lists several types of working time regimes that may operate at an enterprise. It:
- standardized 8-hour working day;
- irregular working hours;
- labor activity in a flexible schedule;
- work in shifts;
- summarized accounting of hours worked;
- labor activity with the possibility of dividing the working day into parts.
The main features of the operating modes of the enterprise
The standardized working day is 40 hours a week, employees work with lunch breaks from Monday to Friday, while the last working day is shortened by 1 hour.
Irregular working hours are regulated by Article 101 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. It is mainly used for persons holding administrative positions whose length of work cannot be recorded. The Labor Code allows the involvement of these employees in the performance of their official duties outside the established working hours for them. Irregular working hours are not established for everyone; their use must be stipulated in a labor or collective agreement.
Labor activity in a flexible schedule is regulated by Article 102 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. With this operating mode, the beginning of the working day, its end or the total duration is determined by agreement of the parties. The employee is obliged to work the total number of working hours established by the employer during the accounting period, and which is taken as a working day, week, month, etc.
The shift work mode is advisable to use at enterprises where there is a continuous production cycle. This regime is regulated by Article 103 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Work organized in 2, 3 or 4 shifts allows more efficient use of expensive high-tech equipment, machinery and mechanisms. Approximate shift schedules are recommended for use by the Clarification of the State Committee for Labor of the USSR and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of April 8, 1967.
The summarized accounting of working time is carried out in the case when the standardized duration of the working day cannot be observed when performing certain types of work. In this case, the maximum duration of the established accounting period should not exceed 1 year.
The mode of operation of the enterprise with the possibility of dividing the working day into parts is established in the case where it is caused by necessity and due to the special nature of the work. It can also be used when performing work, the intensity of which varies significantly during one working day (shift). In this case, it is advisable to divide the working day into parts so that workers do not stand idle during one continuous shift.
