It is important for a journalist not only to create interesting material, but also to comply with a number of certain rules. This is necessary, firstly, within the framework of the professional communication of the journalists themselves, secondly, in order to comply with the nature and position of the publication where the journalist works, and thirdly, in order to penetrate deeper into the essence of the displayed phenomenon and effectively cover it.
Genre concept in journalism
It is customary to call genre stable forms or types of journalistic work, united by similar content and formal features. There is a well-established system of genres in journalism. However, this does not imply that the genre palette is not being updated. At various turning points in the development of society, new genres appear or a synthesis of existing ones occurs. The reason for this is the desire of the journalist to tell the viewer as deeply and versatile as possible about the covered issue.
Information genres in journalism
Texts of information genres make up a large stratum in journalistic creativity. These genres are characterized by promptness, brevity, precision and clarity of information presentation. Their goal is to promptly report an event with some details. The group of information genres includes: note, report, informational interview, poll, reportage.
A note is the simplest form of responding to an event. Its feature is precisely a brief presentation of the phenomenon.
A report is an informational coverage of events in the format of conferences, presentations, seminars, meetings, sessions, etc. The report must contain the main topics of the speeches, the reaction of the audience.
Interview, as an information genre, does not imply a journalistic analysis of the interviewer's answers. Here, the main task is to obtain information without evaluating it. Polling is a similar way of getting information from the interviewer. Only a journalist needs to get answers to questions not from one person, but from many people.
Reporting assumes operational coverage of the event either through the prism of a journalistic point of view, or from the point of view of an eyewitness.
Specificity of analytical genres in journalism
In analytical genres, a broad and detailed coverage of facts is given with their assessment, generalization, and commentary. In this direction of journalistic creativity, it is important to consider and interpret events. Analytical genres include: correspondence, review, article, review, investigation.
The genre of correspondence presupposes a detailed analysis of the situation. In this genre, the journalist identifies the patterns of reality based on the analysis of a specific event.
The review has a strictly defined subject of research. Basically, the objects of the review are works of art, journalism, cultural events and objects, etc. The genre of the review presupposes only the assessment of the event by the author, but not its analysis and the advancement of socially significant problems.
An article is a text in which a journalist explains the essence of various phenomena, identifies trends in the development of events, analyzes the experience of solving any problems, criticizes ineffective solutions.
A stylistic overview may be similar to an article, but is intended to provide a panorama of events with examples and details.
The subject of investigative journalism is usually some blatant negative phenomenon. The purpose of the investigation is to identify the causes of this phenomenon.
Features of artistic and journalistic genres in journalism
Artistic and journalistic genres presuppose, first of all, the author's impression of the event. These genres include: essay, essay, feuilleton, pamphlet. Artistic and journalistic genres can be figurative and expressive in nature. They are quite difficult to perform and require from the journalist not only skill, but also the presence of life experience.
