Reading construction drawings is both difficult and very interesting. Indeed, only after determining what is written there, you can understand how the estimator needs to act, how the repair of the premises or the facade of the building will look like. Yes, reading construction drawings is a very painstaking task. But at the same time, it is so fascinating to understand what is really hidden there behind the pictures and small meanings.
Instructions
Step 1
First, decide on the scale of the drawing. They usually have clearly structured meanings. So, for example, plans, facades and sections are made on a scale of 1:50, 1: 100, 1: 200. Sections of foundations are usually performed on a scale of 1 to 50, and the details of structures in the figure are depicted 1: 5, 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50. Floor plans and rafters are assigned a scale of 1 to 100. But wiring diagrams are usually correlated with real ones as 1 to 100 or 1 to 200. When decoding the size values, remember that they are all put down in millimeters, and the elevation levels of the facades and sections are in meters.
Step 2
As you read the drawing, note that the building plan is displayed as a horizontal section view. Moreover, it necessarily passes through the window and doorways. You can also see a grid of center lines on the plan. They are designated by directions: those that go along the front wall - in Arabic numerals; those located on the side - in capital letters of the Russian alphabet.
Step 3
If you see that some designations are behind the dimensions of the plan, then they, as a rule, indicate the distance between the extreme alignment axes; The distance between the alignment axes that are anchored to the outer faces of the wall. binding of the walls to the alignment axes, as well as the dimensions of the walls and openings. All that is within the plan is the snapping of interior walls and partitions to the alignment axes; thickness of walls and partitions, as well as dimensions of openings in internal walls and partitions; the dimensions of the holes in the ceilings. Remember that the sum of the dimensions for each section can be easily calculated from the length of the wall. She equals her.
Step 4
The projections of the building, which can be seen both from the front and from the back, and from the right and from the left along the vertical plane, are the facade. The numbers taken out beyond its contour in the drawing indicate the elevations from the ground level. If you see the axes of walls or columns on the facade drawing, this will help you determine which type of facade is shown in this diagram. It is possible to determine the dimensions of the building between the extreme axes, what is the ground level, the distance from the floor to the floor, the dimensions of the openings, the height of the openings, the marks where the stairs should be located, using the sections on the diagram.
Step 5
A drawing of a house on the site will allow you to determine how you can plan the use of the site, where to make entrances and approaches to the house, how you can plant greenery and improve the area. If you want to bring these ideas of yours into the drawing, then you will need to calculate them exactly according to the measurements of the diagram and then place them on the drawn area, of course, observing the required scale.
