The schedule of medical examination in Russian clinics previously depended on the year of birth. The rules changed in 2019. Since that time, the health check has become an annual one. Therefore, you should be aware of workplace guarantees.
The federal program includes the most important moments of diseases inherent in each age. On this basis, a list of doctors has been developed, which must be visited.
What does the medical examination include?
In the course of diagnostic measures, a variety of pathologies can be identified:
- respiratory system;
- organs of the heart;
- diabetes;
- various neoplasms.
During the prophylactic examination, the following are provided:
- Visit a therapist to compile a questionnaire with a list of risk factors. So, with excess weight, they are unhealthy diet, alcohol abuse, smoking.
- Visits to specialized doctors.
- Laboratory research. They include a blood test, feces, various smears.
- For women - a visit to the gynecologist.
- Diagnostics of the body. This includes examinations using devices, for example, ultrasound of the abdominal cavity, fluorography.
The list of must-see specialists increases after the 36th anniversary: an electrocardiogram is added. After 40 years, the intraocular pressure is necessarily measured, after 50 years, a visit to a neurologist is prescribed.
Who should be examined
It is not difficult to determine your year of medical examination: the clinic is visited in a year when the age becomes a multiple of three: at 18, 21, 24 and so on. Previously, it was possible to plan a visit to the clinic even at the beginning of January.
However, the previous rules have changed dramatically. Every year, you can undergo medical examination after the 40th anniversary. This rule appeared in 2019. Every three years, screening is carried out for ages from 18 to 39. In 2020, clinical examination is provided for persons from 1975 and earlier years of birth, as well as from 1976 to 2002, except for 1982-1986, 1988-1999, 1991- 1992, 1995, 1997-1998, 2002-2001. The list of beneficiaries remained in the order of the Ministry of Health.
To pass, you will need two documents: a passport or a replacement document and a medical insurance policy or a temporary certificate at the time of production. You can contact any state clinic. Health can be checked both on a business trip and on vacation, regardless of the place of permanent registration.
Before the start of the examination, the applicant fills out a questionnaire to identify health problems. Questions relate to lifestyle, presence or absence of bad habits, body weight and height are also recorded.
Rules new and old
Specific procedures vary by gender and age. All of them are listed in the order of the Ministry of Health. So, in 2019, the main focus was on the early detection of cancer. If problems are identified at the first stage, the patient is referred to the second. The list of examinations depends on the results obtained by the doctors.
Despite the admission of annual medical examinations from the age of 39, the Labor Code takes into account the previous rules. To contact the clinic for prophylactic medical examination in 2020, the date will have to be agreed with the employer, write an application. However, the employer is prohibited from insisting on an employee's health check only on employee days off. Complaints about such pressure will lead to a fine.
By law, there are no weekend requirements for the year the inspection is due. In theory, one day to work is not permissible at any age. There is also no confirmation of their presence in the clinic and in the Labor Code.
However, a day off taken in a year not foreseen for screening makes it impossible to get a day off at the right time. At the slightest claims from the employer with bringing to court, it will be necessary to prove the absence of truancy. It is easier to do this documentarily. But at the time of the examination, they do not issue a sick leave, nor do they pay benefits.
How to proceed
Therefore, in order not to lose in salary and not lose your job, it is advisable to act according to the plan:
- Find out in advance in what year the screening is due.
- Write a statement of exemption at the time of the examination. In this case, it is necessary to refer to Article 185.1 of the Labor Code.
- The day is to be agreed with the employer, to receive confirmation from him, a mark on the application or an order, that is, documentary, not in words.
- After undergoing medical examination, be sure to take a certificate of a visit to the clinic from a therapist in order to document your absence.
Usually, few people manage to pass the examination in one day. Opportunities for visiting the clinic for several days are planned in advance.
The second and third days will have already passed at the expense of the subject. Therefore, it makes sense to conduct additional examinations on your weekends or before work. On the second stage, it makes sense to take a day off, as the examination time may take longer. But at the same time, it may not be required.
Working Russians under the age of 39 need to look for opportunities to visit a polyclinic, since a screening visit with a day off for this procedure is provided every three years. Every year a person of pre-retirement and retirement age is given two days to undergo examination.
Demotion or dismissal for absence from work due to medical examination is not to be feared. Average earnings at that time remain.
